Urban Development by S. Polyzos
By S. Polyzos
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A scenario that includes the transport of dangerous goods could develop into an accident that could effectively put a tunnel permanently out of use. A truck carrying LPG could cause a problem such as a boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE). Although the chance that such a scenario develops may be remote, the possible impact of the scenario is devastating and, therefore, poses a considerable risk (Molag, 1998). It is unrealistic to expect that an underwater tunnel damaged in such an event could be repaired.
In the unlikely scenario that the roof is blown off, the infrastructure could be 'easily' repaired. Because urban tunnels are not situated under water, they are unlikely to lose their functionality as a small 'polder' (Hoeven, 1999). The RWS Bouwdienst provided the calculations and confirmed that the concept was sound (Rijkswaterstaat Bouwdienst, 1998). The Rotterdam Fire Brigade formulated requirements for a Category-0 tunnel. This concept did not ban the transportation of any type of dangerous goods through the tunnel but emphasised the necessity of prevention and automated repression (Broekhuizen, 1998).
The exploration also showed that a partially submerged tunnel could do with half of that sloping area, or 105 metres. 8. Green Link A15 In a parallel process, the municipality of Rotterdam also called for a multifunctional tunnel to cover a section of the A15 motorway in 1998: the Green Link. The situation is comparable as the A15 separates Rotterdam from its largest VINEX development: Carnisselande. The A15 is a section of the Rotterdam Ring that connects the Rotterdam harbour area to its hinterland.