Biotechnology of aroma compounds : with 44 tables / [...] by Ralph G Berger; Jan A M de Bont

Biotechnology of aroma compounds : with 44 tables / [...] by Ralph G Berger; Jan A M de Bont

By Ralph G Berger; Jan A M de Bont

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Additional resources for Biotechnology of aroma compounds : with 44 tables / [...] XD-US

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2 Savoury Flavours These include hydrolysed vegetable proteins and yeast proteins (Fig. 9) and yeast extracts that contain not only flavour chemicals but also flavour enhancer molecules such as monosodium glutamate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate and inosine 5'-monophosphate. These are quite remarkable products, as these costeffective meat-like flavours are made from entirely vegetable raw materials (for a review see [9]. Their success is indicated by an annual production of MSG of 500 000 tons per annum, mostly by fermentation using specially selected strains of Corynebacterium 9lutamicum.

12) [12]. A double oxidation process is involved operating via the aldehyde intermediate, with the enzymes maximally active at different pHs. For instance: OH pH 4 pH~ Another bioprocess for synthesising esters uses Geotricium fragans. This microorganism partially metabolises leucine or related amino acids such as isoleucine by oxidative deamination. The addition of ethanol to the reactor results in esterification forming flavour esters such as ethylisovalerate in a one-step reaction. The product can be recovered easily from the exit gases by adsorption onto activated charcoal.

Produced from precursors after the plant material has been cut up, heated or fermented; they do not pre-exist in the plant tissue and are not produced per se by the plant metabolism. Exceptions are 2-methoxy-3-isobutyl pyrazine (bell peppers), 2-isobutylthiazol (tomato) and 1,2-dithiolan-4-carboxylic acid (asparagus). - Most flavours are true secondary products formed from the further metabolism of primary metabolites such as amino acids, carbohydrates and fatty acids, such as O Formed from " ~ \ A / N/ \ H [sovaleraldehyde + NH2- CH2- CH2- SH Cysteamine(by decarboxylation of cysteine)which is formed It is of interest that 2,6-nonadienal, identified as being responsible for cucumber aroma, which is produced from linoleic acid by lipoxygenase, hydroperoxide j ~ ~ / .

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