The Shaykh of Shaykhs: Mithqal al-Fayiz and Tribal by Yoav Alon

The Shaykh of Shaykhs: Mithqal al-Fayiz and Tribal by Yoav Alon

By Yoav Alon

Shaykh Mithqal al-Fayiz's existence spanned a interval of dramatic transformation within the center East. Born within the Eighteen Eighties in the course of a time of swift modernization around the Ottoman Empire, Mithqal led his tribe via global conflict I, the improvement and decline of colonial rule and founding of Jordan, the institution of the nation of Israel and the Arab-Israeli clash that ensued, and the increase of pan-Arabism. As Mithqal navigated nearby politics over the many years, he redefined the fashionable function of the shaykh.

In following Mithqal's awesome existence, this e-book explores tribal management within the glossy center East extra regularly. The help of Mithqal's tribe to the Jordanian Hashemite regime extends again to the construction of Jordan in 1921 and has characterised its political procedure ever procedure. The long-standing alliances among tribal elites and the royal relations clarify, to a wide volume, the intense resilience of Hashemite rule in Jordan and the country's relative balance. Mithqal al-Fayiz's existence and paintings as a shaykh supply a remarkable person tale, in addition to a distinct window into the heritage, society, and politics of Jordan.

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Additional info for The Shaykh of Shaykhs: Mithqal al-Fayiz and Tribal Leadership in Modern Jordan

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A newspaper report from 1913 implies that the two shaykhs were acting as partners in the leadership of the Bani Sakhr under Ottoman patronage. By that time, they were generally known for their friendship with the government and faced internal opposition for that reason. 16 Fawwaz’s reliance on Mithqal may have been the result of affection for his young brother, regard for his military skills, or fear of his power and potential competition. Whatever the case, Mithqal was an asset to Fawwaz as a military leader, particularly in light of the unstable relations between the tribes and the Ottoman government and the impending threat of the Young Turks to curtail their autonomy.

In such cases, the tribesmen were quick to show their anger. In 1757 Qa‘dan and his men attacked with exceptional ruthlessness the jarda, the military escort that departed from Damascus to meet the returning pilgrims in order to supply them with fresh provisions. A few days later, the Bani Sakhr plundered the main caravan, leaving most of the helpless pilgrims to die of 14 B O R N A S H A Y K H hunger and thirst. 20 A contemporary Arab account portrays a vivid, if unsettling, account of the raid: When Musa Pasha, the commander of the jarda, arrived in Qatrana, he was attacked by the Arabs and robbed.

They threatened to destroy the railway tracks and a clash with the government over this issue led to the tribesmen’s military defeat. Talal was summoned to Damascus to meet the governor with the aim of reconciliation. To Talal’s detriment, the meeting coincided with the Young Turks’ coup in Istanbul. The dramatic events unfolding at the center of the empire, culminating in the deposal of the reigning sultan, relegated relations with nomads in one of its peripheries to a low priority and the governor had not received any instructions as to what to do with the Bani Sakhr.

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