The Interface of Language, Vision, and Action: Eye Movements by John Henderson, Fernanda Ferreira
By John Henderson, Fernanda Ferreira
This ebook brings jointly chapters from investigators at the cutting edge in this new learn region to discover at the cutting edge in this new study region to discover universal theoretical matters, empirical findings, technical difficulties, and amazing questions. This ebook will function a blueprint for paintings at the interface of imaginative and prescient, language, and motion over the subsequent 5 to 10 years.
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Additional resources for The Interface of Language, Vision, and Action: Eye Movements and the Visual World
Example text
First, while it is clear that visual properties of a scene do influence fixation positions, it has been difficult for investigators to determine exactly what stimulus properties are critical, and how they are combined to influence fixation locations. Stimulus properties that have been investigated in eye-movement experiments include color, contrast, intensity, symmetry, and contour density. ,2001; Itti & Koch, 2000), but there is as yet no strong evidence that these specific features have a unique or even central role in determining fixation placement in scenes.
Overall, viewers landed on a target object for the first SCENE PERCEPTION FOR PSYCHOLINGUISTS time after an average of about 11 fixations in a scene, and this value did not change as a function of the semantic relationship between the object and the scene. In addition, the average amplitude of the initial saccade to the target object was about 3º, and there was no evidence that saccades were longer to the targets when they were semantically inconsistent with the scene than when they were consistent.
In the first experiment, viewers were biased to use the low spatial frequency component during the very early stages of scene identification (Schyns & Oliva, 1994). Furthermore, participants were quite accurate in identifying scenes using the low spatial frequency information with as little as 50 ms of exposure time. The response task was open ended so viewers were able to generate the identity of the scenes from a potentially infinite set of responses. In a second set of experiments, Oliva and Schyns (1997) showed that the use of low spatial frequencies in rapid scene identification was not mandatory: When participants were primed to use the high spatial frequency components of a hybrid image, they tended to identify the scene represented by those components.