The Cambridge Companion to Tacitus (Cambridge Companions to by A. J. Woodman
By A. J. Woodman
Tacitus is universally famous as old Rome's maximum author of historical past, and his account of the Roman Empire within the first century advert has been basic in shaping the fashionable notion of Rome and its emperors. This significant other presents a brand new, up to date and authoritative overview of his paintings and impression in order to be useful for college students and non-specialists in addition to of curiosity to confirmed students within the box. First situating Tacitus in the culture of Roman ancient writing and his personal modern society, it is going directly to research each one of his person works after which speak about key subject matters comparable to his unique authorial voice and his perspectives of heritage and freedom. It ends via tracing Tacitus' reception, starting with the transition from manuscript to published variations, describing his effect on political inspiration in early smooth Europe, and concluding together with his value within the 20th century.
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At the core of the Greek section, we may safely assume, would reside Herodotus, Thucydides and Xenophon, with Polybius close by. Interestingly enough, however, in his extant writings Tacitus finds no occasion to mention any of these authors (Xenophon is mentioned once, as a philosopher, at D. 6); and his debt to the Greek historiographical tradition has never been fully explored – largely because it is not at all clear how great that debt is (in distinct contrast to his predecessors Sallust and Livy, whose respective debt to Thucydides and Herodotus is mentioned explicitly by Quintilian, Inst.
Badian (1966) 6. See Ogilvie and Richmond (1967) on Agr. 1 (where their reference should be corrected to Cato fr. 2P = 2C); Syme (1958a) 121. See also below, pp. 175–6. 19 A . M. 10 Tacitus’ familiarity with the annalists may be detected in other ways as well. 32. Here he draws a distinction between the sort of ‘battlefield and forum’ historiography characteristic of most pre-Augustan Latin historical writing and that which centered on the ‘princeps and imperial court’, which he would himself practise.
Woodman (1988) 117–59 for a comparative study of Sallust and Livy and the nature of their respective debts to Cicero. Simply in terms of language and style, Tacitus’ debt to both may be readily appreciated via Syme (1958a) 728–34. g. Syme (1959) 75: ‘The direction which the Principate had taken justified a return to the sombre and pessimistic conception of politics and of human nature that Sallust had made classical. ’ It should be noted, however, that Tacitus is as capable of adapting Livian material as he is Sallustian: for fi ne examples of both practices, see Ginsburg (1993); see also, as a further example of Tacitus’ multiple borrowings from Sallust, Livy and Caesar in a single if extended passage, the commentary of Martin and Woodman (1989) on A.