Philoponus : on Aristotle posterior analytics 1.1-8 by John Philoponus

Philoponus : on Aristotle posterior analytics 1.1-8 by John Philoponus

By John Philoponus

Aristotle's Posterior Analytics elaborates for the 1st time within the historical past of Western philosophy the notions of technological know-how and the necessities for the distinct type of wisdom scientists own. His version is arithmetic and his therapy of technology quantities to a philosophical dialogue, from the viewpoint of Aristotelian syllogistic, of mathematical proofs and the foundations they're in line with. Chapters 1-8 expound the rules of Aristotle's thought, mentioning the similarities and changes among medical wisdom and different sorts of wisdom, setting up the necessity for easy ideas, and opting for the categories of rules and the resource of necessity linked to clinical evidence. Philoponus' vast statement, the main entire old dialogue of Posterior Analytics booklet 1, deals uniquely helpful testimony to the way in which this e-book was once learn and understood in overdue antiquity, in addition to offering info on previous interpretations. Of specific curiosity is Philoponus' account of medical ideas, that's dependent not just on Aristotle but additionally at the Greek mathematical culture, particularly Euclid and his commentator Proclus.

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For this would not take place if souls dissolved into non-being at the same time as the dissolution of the body. But all proofs of this kind are not knowledge(e)-producing, but are based on accidents and not on per se attributes of things, whereas demonstrations must proceed from the per se attributes of things. Translation 39 71b29-33 [They must be both causes and better known(g) and prior; causes because we know(e) [something only] when we know(o) the cause,] and prior if they are causes, and previously known(pg) not only in that we understand [them] but also in that we know(o) that they are.

Premises are immediate that have their confirmation from within ourselves169 and need no middle term for a demonstration that the predicate belongs to the subject. For, he says, ‘an immediate [premise]’ is ‘one to which there is no other [premise] that is prior’. For every deductive proof occurs when some middle term is employed that connects the extreme [terms] through itself, and the premises employed in demonstrations must be absolutely primary and not demonstrated through other [premises]. , indemonstrable.

87 For it is necessary to have previous knowledge(pg) both that this is a unit and what the term ‘unit’ signifies. 71a16-17 For each of these is not clear to us in the same way. For the given has both ‘that it is’ and ‘what it signifies’, the sought [has] only ‘what it signifies’, and the axiom [has only] ‘that it is’. 5 10 15 71a17-20 It is possible for a person to recognize things he has previously come to know and also [to recognize] things at the same time as he acquires knowledge(g) of them, [for example, everything that falls under a universal of which he has knowledge(g).

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