Jews and Judaism in World History by Howard N. Lupovitch
By Howard N. Lupovitch
This ebook is a survey of the historical past of the Jewish humans from biblical antiquity to the current, spanning approximately 2,500 years and traversing 5 continents.
Opening with a huge advent which addresses key questions of terminology and definition, the book’s ten chapters then move directly to discover Jewish historical past in either its non secular and non-religious dimensions. The e-book explores the social, political and cultural features of Jewish heritage, and examines the adjustments and continuities around the complete of the Jewish international all through its lengthy and sundry background. themes coated include:
- the emergence of Judaism as a faith and lifestyle
- the improvement in the course of the center a long time of Judaism as an all-encompassing id
- the impression on Jewish existence and identification of significant alterations in Europe and the Islamic global from the mid 16th during the finish of the 19th century
- the complexity of Jewish existence within the 20th century, the problem of anti-semitism and the influence of the Holocaust, and the emergence of the present centres of global Jewry within the kingdom of Israel and the recent global.
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Extra resources for Jews and Judaism in World History
Example text
Thus, some Jews believed that Hadrian might be rebuilding the Temple. When it became known that, far from rebuilding the Temple, Hadrian was building a pagan temple in Jerusalem, disillusionment led to another Zealotled revolt under the leadership of Simon bar Cosiba, later renamed bar Kochba by his followers. This revolt lasted three years. When Hadrian sent in troops from Gaul in 135, the rebels were quickly beaten back to Betar, where they made a final stand. When bar Kochba was killed (according to Jewish legend, by a snake and not by a Roman), the revolt collapsed.
Ezra pioneered an interpretive technique that came to be known as Midrash: deriving laws from the words of Scripture. Of particular importance was Ezra’s redefinition of who was to be considered a Jew. Only those who could show the proper pedigree could be considered Jews. This new attitude toward foreigners was applied to two cases. Regarding the Samarians, even those who wanted to join were excluded, since they lacked the proper lineage. Of greater long-term impact was Ezra’s injunction against intermarriage.
Sensing perhaps that Vespasian had been too lenient after defeating the Jews in 70, Hadrian undertook a series of harsh measures against the Jews of Judea. He razed Judea to the ground and salted the earth. He outlawed the practice of Judaism and the teaching of the Torah; when ten leading Jewish scholars defied this decree, they were arrested, tortured, and executed. Hadrian also banned Jews from Jerusalem, except on the ninth of Av, when they were allowed to lament the destruction of the Temple.