From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire by Peter T. Daniels, Pierre Briant
By Peter T. Daniels, Pierre Briant
A translation of Pierre Briant's Histoire de l’Empire perse (1996). It's an encyclopedic and definitive historical past of the Achaemenid Persian Empire that all started with Cyrus the nice and collapsed after being conquered by means of Alexander the nice.
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Additional info for From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire
Sample text
For this reason, the theory of linguistic borrowings remains quite disputable. It proceeds from an under lying hypothesis —the assumption that the dialect words found in the vocabulary of the Old Persian inscriptions come from a Median language. The problem is that we know virtually nothing of Median, for the plain and simple reason that we do not have a single inscription in that language. By reasoning that might be considered circular, Median has been reconstructed on the basis of Persian borrowings, themselves reconstructed.
He punished Harpagus cruelly by serving him the flesh of his own son mixed with mutton at a banquet. Then, reassured by the magi, Astyages sent Cyrus to Persia, where he rejoined his family. 123-130). " He adds that he knows three other versions of the origins of Cyrus. " A third version, preserved by Nicolaus of Damascus, who doubtless got it from Ctesias, has as Cyrus's father Atradates, a Mardian, a member of one of the most abject tribes of the Persian people. Cyrus's father practiced banditry and his mother, Argoste, raised goats.
167). It also allows us to surmise that even in his time Persian tribes practiced nomadism (whatever the changing and varied reality hidden beneath that term). Archaeology seems to confirm this, when we consider that at the time of Darius and Xerxes, the number of urban sites remained very low. As for archaeological results per se, let us first note that they come from explorations conducted in a single region of Fars; this is certainly a central region, since it is there that the first Persian kingdom was established.