The Tower Shielding Facility : Its glorious past by Muckenthaler, F.J.; Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; United
By Muckenthaler, F.J.; Oak Ridge National Laboratory.; United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Energy Research.; United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information
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Of significance at 35 K is the potential (based only on component tests) improved relative performance of the recuperative Brayton cycle Creare MMRBC at lower temperatures. At 100 K, if successful, the new start AFRL High Efficiency program with goals of less than 10 W/W motor power and less than 1 kg/W total mass for 10 W of cooling should make significant advances over the state of the art. SUMMARY An overview is presented of the status and performance for a wide range of long life cryocoolers being developed for space applications ranging in temperature from 10 K to at least 100 K.
Cooling of infrared sensors in space at temperatures of 80 K and below has mainly been accomplished using stored cryogens. These expendable cryogenic systems require the launch of heavy and complex dewars, which at best have a one or two year life. Cooled detectors allow vast improvements in identification and discrimination Cryocoolers 10, edited by R. G. Ross, Jr. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1999 21 22 GOVERNMENT CRYOCOOLER DEVELOPMENT AND TEST PROGRAMS capability with a minimum of sensor apecture growth.
Figure 9. Cryocooler total specific mass interpolated to 100 K cooling and 300 K reject. capacity. The Figures show the expected effect of efficiency increasing as the capacity increases and indicate the general trend at 60 K of the higher efficiency at low to medium loads of Stirling (especially the Raytheon PSC) and Pulse Tube cryocoolers compared with the Reverse Brayton. Figure 3 is a plot of cryocooler specific mass (SM or mass divided by cooling capacity) for the total unit (including electronics) for cooling at 60 K as a function of cooling capacity.