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S. pp. 209, 213; Itinerarium, pp. 94-5. 4 Itinerarium, p. P. S. pp. 214-18; Abu Shama, pp. 48o-1; Itinerarium, pp. 97-109 (diverse miraculous incidents), pp. 109-rr (attack on the Tower of Flies), pp. 1II-13 (Archbishop of Besan~on's attack); Ambroise, cols. 98-104. 29 Acre This enabled them to break through to Haifa on a foraging expedition, which slightly relieved the hunger in the camp. But both in the city and in the two camps there was hunger and illness. een Sibylla. The two little daughters that she had borne to King Guy died a few days before her own death.

At its head was Baldwin, Archbishop ofCanterbury. 4 There was desultory fighting throughout the summer, each side awaiting the reinforcements that would enable it to take the offensive. The fall of Beaufort in July relieved men for Saladin's army, but he had sent troops to the north to intercept Frederick Barbarossa and they did not return till the winter. Meanwhile skirmishes alternated with fraternization. The Christian chroniclers noted with complacency several incidents in which, by the hand of God, Saracens were discomfited and Crusader heroism rewarded; but every attempt to scale the walls of the city failed.

It was only the art of warfare that could hold his attention. As a soldier he had real gifts, a sense of strategy and of tactics and the power to command men. ' King Philip Augustus was very different. He was eight years younger than Richard; but he had been king for over ten years already, and his bitter experience had taught him wisdom. Physically he was no match for Richard. He was well-built, with a shock of untidy hair, but had lost the sight of one eye. He was not personally courageous. Though choleric and self-indulgent, he could cloak his passions.