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It is possible for the operating system to load a shared library into memory once, for use by multiple applications. 30 CHAPTER 2 Shared libraries follow a very specific naming scheme designed to keep incompatible versions separate. n, where n is a major release number. The major release number should be incremented whenever backward compatibility is broken. 3. The ldconfig utility imposes sanity upon the various versions of a library that might exist. conf or the environment variable LD LIBRARY PATH.

A (static libraries), it will link them directly into the executable. This allows gcc to serve as a simple interface to the linker. Warning You may be in the habit of using the shell’s tab-completion feature to fill in filenames. Be careful when you do this with gcc; it’s easy to accidentally overwrite your source files by accidentally tab-completing the wrong filenames. This may seem obvious, but I’ve lost work because of it. It is often useful to compile a C source file into an object file instead of an executable.

C is a C source file containing a main function that calls bar. The following makefile will build the program. c. ) When Make automatically invokes the C compiler, it adds the CFLAGS variable to the command line. c -o foo Phony Targets Programmers often use Make for purposes other than building executables. It’s really a general-purpose project management tool. For instance, I’m currently using a makefile so that I don’t have to delete a bunch of files and then run LATEX, MakeIndex, and dvips every time I want a preview of this book.