Peasants and communists: politics and ideology in the by Melissa Bokovoy
By Melissa Bokovoy
The writer explores the dynamic courting among the Communist celebration of Yugoslavia and the country's peasantry majority from 1941-1953. She demanding situations reasons for the party's determination to finish efforts at collectivization, analyzing their uneasy coalition with a peasantry proof against switch.
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Extra resources for Peasants and communists: politics and ideology in the Yugoslav countryside, 1941-1953
Example text
The bandits, known as haiduks, sometimes operated in groups of as many as a hundred, often with the cooperation of the local population. Facing new occupiers, the Serbs within the Royal Army called upon this historical memory and prepared to fight against the Kingdom of Yugoslavia's enemies. The core of this resistance group was General Staff Colonel Draza Mihailovic* and a band of Yugoslav officers, noncommissioned officers, soldiers, and policemen who fled to the mountains of northern Bosnia after the rapid collapse of the Royal Army in April 1941.
The poor and middle peasants' interests now lay in a common struggle with the workers against the capitalists. This alliance would fight against not only the bourgeoisie but also its agent in the village, the kulak. "30 The delegates to the Fifth Land Conference in October 1940 heeded Kardelj's words, endorsing his call for an alliance of workers with the poor and middle peasants. By including the middle peasantry, the party finally allowed the largest and most influential stratum of the peasantry to join its movement.
22 However, when the Soviets adopted the policy of collectivization and the abolition of private agricultural holdings in the early thirties, they moved beyond this populist program, and the KPJ followed suit. In 1934, it added a new plank to its platform: the creation of kolkhozes and the socialization of private property. 23 By its own account, the KPJ did not appreciate and utilize the existing village institutions and organizations such as agricultural cooperatives, reading rooms, choirs, and other groups to lure the peasantry into its ranks,24 believing that the nationalist and bourgeois political parties had tainted these institutions.