Maritime Safety Law and Policies of the European Union and by Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi
By Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi
The overseas Maritime association (IMO), because the United countries really good company liable for the rules of transport engaged in overseas alternate from the issues of view of maritime defense and the prevention and keep an eye on of pol- tion via ships, acknowledges that those objectives can simply be successfully completed if each hyperlink within the corresponding chain of accountability meets totally its obli- tions. Flag, port and coastal States, in addition to the transport itself, all have roles to play in jointly enhancing safeguard and keeping the surroundings, either marine and atmospheric, in the course of the improvement, adoption, and uniform imp- mentation and enforcement of, worldwide criteria. during this booklet, Dr. Christodoulou-Varotsi units out to discover the level to which the activities of the eu Union and the U.S., because the major originators of excessive criteria in those fields, represent a paradigm to the remainder of the inter- tional maritime neighborhood. during this regard, whereas underscoring the necessity for a - listic, multilateral method of maritime rules – as epitomized by way of the paintings of IMO – the writer explores how criteria can be more desirable by using unilateral action.
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Htm). Also ILIANA CHRISTODOULOUVAROTSI and DMITRY A. PENTSOV, MARITIME WORK LAW FUNDAMENTALS: RESPONSIBLE SHIPOWNERS, RELIABLE SEAFARERS (2008). See Article 2. On the ILO Convention 147 see Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi and Dmitri A. Pentsov, Labor Standards on Cypriot Ships: Myth and Reality, 37 VAND. J. TRANSNAT’L. L. 647 (2004). 1. S. ratified ILO Convention 147 in 1988, while EC Member States ratified it in their vast majority75, including maritime oriented countries such as Cyprus, Greece, Malta and a maritime labour provider country, Poland.
5 1994. At a practical level, the issue arose on the occasion of the USCG’s announcement in December 1994 that it would begin boarding potentially substandard vessels at sea buoys rather than wait for them to enter port and thereby sustain possible delays. 2. From the point of view of the coastal State 23 standards86. In such case, they must give due publicity to measures taken by them to enable foreign ships to comply87. With regard in particular to pollution, according to UNCLOS 1982, in the exercise of their sovereignty within their territorial waters, coastal States may adopt laws and regulations for the prevention, reduction and control of pollution, provided that they do not hamper innocent passage of foreign vessels88.
National Maritime Administration shall ensure that ships registered under its flag will apply inter alia international rules and standards regarding safety at sea and prevention of marine pollution62. The administration in question will proceed periodically to the survey of the ships flying the State’s flag and ensure that appropriate documents proving the right to fly the flag will be on board63. The obligations of the flag State go beyond the above scope and are affected by more technical instruments which were adopted in the framework of the IMO.