IPv6 in Practice: A Unixer's Guide to the Next Generation by Benedikt Stockebrand

IPv6 in Practice: A Unixer's Guide to the Next Generation by Benedikt Stockebrand

By Benedikt Stockebrand

Handling IPv6 for the 1st time is a demanding activity even for the skilled procedure administrator. New recommendations and mechanisms make it essential to reconsider well-established equipment of the IPv4 protocol.

This ebook is a pragmatic consultant to IPv6 addressing Unix and community directors with event in TCP/IP(v4) yet now not unavoidably any IPv6 wisdom. It makes a speciality of trustworthy and effective operation of IPv6 implementations on hand this present day instead of on protocol requisites. as a result, it covers the basic recommendations - utilizing instructive and punctiliously validated examples - on the way to configure, to administrate, and to debug IPv6 setups. those foundations are complemented via discussions of most sensible practices and strategic issues aimed toward total potency, reliability, maintainability, and interoperation.

The examples during this booklet hide all suitable facets touching on Debian GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris. Examples approximately different Unix derivatives can be found on-line at www.benedikt-stockebrand.de.

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2 Persistent Configuration In the previous section we temporarily configured the interfaces with static IPv6 addresses. A reboot will cause the machines to revert to their initial state, so the obvious next step is to configure the addresses permanently. 1 Static Address Configuration 39 Debian Sarge Like IPv4 addresses, static IPv6 addresses are configured in /etc/network/interfaces. With multiple addresses this turns out to be slightly messy: /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0 iface eth0 inet6 static address 2001:db8:fedc:abcd::1 netmask 64 up /sbin/ifconfig eth0 inet6 add 2001:db8:fedc:cdef::1/64 down /sbin/ifconfig eth0 inet6 del 2001:db8:fedc:cdef::1/64 The configuration can then be enabled either with a reboot or doing an # ifdown eth0 # ifconfig eth0 down # ifup eth0 Two things are worth mentioning about the configuration: • It is necessary to add the “netmask” line here, otherwise the interface won’t be configured but ifup will return an excessively informative (and grammatically challenged) “Don’t seem to be have all the variables for eth0/inet6” message.

3 Backup and Disaster Recovery If we have to use an IPv4 production system for our experiments, this is an excellent moment to do a full backup and make sure we can actually do a successful disaster recovery. If we use a dedicated test environment it is also an excellent moment to do a full backup so we can revert our steps if anything goes wrong. If we use VMware, or Xen, or another sort of virtualized environment, this is the time to explore its snapshot features. In general we should run a backup or snapshot whenever we reach some usable state.

This is quite generally not a good idea but it turns especially troublesome if we later on try to connect to the Internet6. But as long as we don’t try to connect to the Internet6, using it is a reasonable last resort. Again, we should do ourselves and the entire IPv6 community a favour and first ask our ISP about IPv6 connectivity. Not only will it make it more difficult for them to claim that we “are the very first customer ever to ask for it”—having obtained our own prefix will make it much easier to get IPv6 up and running than any other approach.

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